[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”360deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/17.41.JK_.N35.B15.01.05.23-scaled.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”13%” width=”100%” min_height=”39vh” custom_margin=”-2px|||||” custom_padding=”98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”85px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”76px” custom_margin=”||-16px|||” header_font_tablet=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_phone=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”off|on|on” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”360deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/17.41.JK_.N35.B15.01.05.23-scaled.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”13%” width=”100%” min_height=”39vh” custom_margin=”-2px|||||” custom_padding=”98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”85px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font=”|700|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”40px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||-16px|||” header_font_tablet=”Roboto Slab|700|||||||” header_font_phone=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||46px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”12px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”1px|||||” link_option_url=”https:\/\/digital-library.csun.edu\/fmc” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
Juan Guajardo, Luis Valdez, Manuel V\u00e1squez, F\u00e9lix Zapata, Pete C\u00e1rdenas, and protesters at an AWOC and NFWA picket. California, ca 1965 to 1966. Photo by John Kouns.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Due to their lack of resources and institutional support from a national union, the\u00a0leaders and volunteers of the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) had to\u00a0figure out how to proceed and what to do next in the early stages of the grape strike.\u00a0What appeared on the surface to be a weakness turned out to be an advantage of\u00a0the NFWA over the better-funded AFL-CIO’s Agricultural Workers Organizing\u00a0Committee.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#D22030″ custom_padding=”||45px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_5,3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#D22030″ width=”100%” max_width=”100%” min_height=”704.1px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/FMC_587_full.jpg” alt=”A child is collecting donations in front of the Goodyear Rubber Company, located at 6701 South Central Avenue. Los Angeles, California, November 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.” title_text=”A child is collecting donations in front of the Goodyear Rubber Company, located at 6701 South Central Avenue. Los Angeles, California, November 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.” url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/587\/” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”|120px||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_font_size=”40px” text_line_height=”1.2em” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding=”|10vh||5vh|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Child collecting donations in front of Goodyear Rubber Company, Los Angeles, 1966<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_4_text_color=”#FFFFFF” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”|10vh||5vh|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Boy collecting donations in front of Goodyear Rubber Company as part of a group of 150 strikers and relatives who traveled to Los Angeles to collect contributions from trade unionists. Los Angeles, November 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”675px” custom_margin=”-10px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” custom_margin=”|9px||||” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Marshall Ganz<\/a> argues that the tactical choices of these leaders reshaped the organization in a way that expanded their strategic capacity, making the NFWA more flexible to respond to the challenges of the strike and re-shaping it into a farmworker social movement. Three areas were significant in that regard, according to Ganz. \u201cWhile AWOC maintained traditional stationary picket lines, the NFWA leaders devised a new approach: roving picket lines. While AWOC organizers drew salaries and dispensed strike benefits from an AFL-CIO-supplied fund, NFWA leaders created a supporting network, making the most of the varied support it could provide. While AWOC told the story of the strike to itself, its members, and the public as just another labor dispute, the NFWA told a story of the birth of a new movement, rooted in specific ethnic, religious, and political traditions, and reach out to incorporate the legacy of the civil rights struggle.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||0px|||” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/1234\/” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Three-year old Carmen Ramos Chandler holds a sign protesting against her mother’s arrest for\u00a0blockading the International Bridge between Roma, Texas, and Ciudad Miguel Alem\u00e1n, Mexico.\u00a0Texas, ca. 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/em><\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/96.01.EC_.N35.B1.10.99.28A-scaled.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”50%” min_height=”756px” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/1234\/” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#D8D2C4″ min_height=”530px” custom_margin=”-1px|||||” custom_padding=”0px|||||” global_module=”70″ saved_tabs=”all” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/footer_logos.png” title_text=”footer_logos” url=”https:\/\/www.csun.edu\/bradley-center” url_new_window=”on” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NEH-Preferred-Seal.png” alt=”NEH-Preferred-Seal-logo” title_text=”NEH-Preferred-Seal” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Tom & Ethel Bradley Center [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Emergency Information<\/a><\/p>\n University Policies & Procedures<\/a><\/p>\n Title\u00a0<\/span>IX<\/abbr><\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Terms and Conditions for Use<\/a><\/p>\n
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