[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”on|off|off” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”360deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/1-6.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”6%” width=”100%” min_height=”39vh” custom_margin=”-2px|||||” custom_padding=”98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”85px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”76px” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”75px||||false|false” header_font_tablet=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_phone=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”off|on|on” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_direction=”360deg” background_color_gradient_stops=”#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/1-6.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”6%” width=”100%” min_height=”39vh” custom_margin=”-2px|||||” custom_padding=”98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”85px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.17.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font=”|700|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”40px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||-16px|||” custom_padding=”75px||||false|false” header_font_tablet=”Roboto Slab|700|||||||” header_font_phone=”Montserrat|700|||||||” header_font_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”12px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_line_height=”1.6em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/205″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez speaking at a NFWA meeting, Lamont, ca. 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Cesario \u201cC\u00e9sar\u201d Ch\u00e1vez was born in Yuma, Arizona, on March 31, 1927. When he was ten, the Ch\u00e1vez family was forced to leave Arizona, and they moved to California, where they worked in the fields. Right after finishing junior high school, C\u00e9sar went to work full-time. In 1946, he enlisted in the Navy. He was honorably discharged, and soon after, he married Helen Fabela<\/a> in October 1948. After an attempt to work on timber jobs and moving to Crescent City, C\u00e9sar and Helen moved back to San Jos\u00e9\u2019s neighborhood, Sal Si Puedes (Get Out If You Can). <\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/17.41.JK_.N35.B12.11.07.10.png” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”22%” min_height=”75vh” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/4542″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”12px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/search\/searchterm\/chavez%2C%20cesar%2C%201927-1993\/field\/subjec\/mode\/exact\/conn\/and” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Fred Ross Sr. standing with C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez on stage at Filipino Hall, Delano, September 1, 1966. Photo by John Kouns.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n In 1952, with the help of a young Catholic priest named Father Donald McDonnell, community organizer Fred Ross<\/a> conducted a \u201chouse meeting\u201d at the Ch\u00e1vez\u2019s home to recruit people to establish a branch of the Community Service Organization (CSO) in San Jos\u00e9. Ch\u00e1vez joined the organization, and in early 1954, Ross hired him as a full-time organizer. He went on to organize over twenty CSO chapters in places like Salinas, Fresno, Brawley, San Bernardino, Madera, Bakersfield, and Oxnard. In 1959, he became CSO\u2019s director, and in 1962, he quit the organization and went on to establish the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA).<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/96.01.EC_.N35.B1.04.30.30.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”57%” min_height=”75vh” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/550″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”1397.6px” custom_margin=”||-56px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Through the NFWA, Ch\u00e1vez helped create a credit union and the newspaper El Malcriado<\/em><\/a> and engaged in its first union actions in McFarland, California, among rose grafters. In September 1965, after the Filipino workers initiated a grape strike in Delano<\/a>, the NFWA members decided to join the strike, which lasted five years when growers signed contracts with the union. In 1966, Ch\u00e1vez\u2019s NFWA merged with Larry Itliong<\/a>\u2019s Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) to form the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee<\/a> (UFWOC), which later became the UFW. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/550″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n An unidentified man, Bonnie Chatfiled, C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez, and Alice Jim\u00e9nez pose for a photo, Delano, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_5,3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#D22030″ width=”100%” max_width=”100%” custom_margin=”|auto|1px|auto||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/17.41.JK_.N35.B7.05.09.34.jpg” alt=”C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez leans on a rail during the march to Sacramento in 1966. Roberto Bustos (wearing sunglasses) is standing in the background. C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez est\u00e1 apoyado en una barandilla durante la marcha a Sacramento en 1966. Roberto Bustos (con lentes de sol) est\u00e1 de pie en el fondo de la imagen.” title_text=”C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez leaning on a rail during the march to Sacramento, 1966. Photo by John Kouns.” url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/2884″ url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_font_size=”40px” text_line_height=”1.2em” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding=”|10vh||5vh|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez leaning on a rail during the march to Sacramento, 1966<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_4_text_color=”#FFFFFF” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”|10vh||5vh|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n Unlike the March on Washington of the Civil Rights era, which had a group converge on one place, the pilgrimage to Sacramento chose Mao\u2019s model of a traveling march that organized people along the route. Thus, the march was planned to pass through as many small towns as possible. The march was led by a farmworker carrying a banner of Our Lady of Guadalupe, patron saint of Mexico, made by 22-year-old Alicia Jim\u00e9nez from Sacramento. American and Mexican flags were also carried at the head of the procession. As the marchers walked single file along Highway 99 and on small roads, people used to come to cheer the workers on and offer food or drinks. Sometimes, music performers welcomed the marchers, and a few of these local musicians joined the march to Sacramento. A farmworker advanced team devised strategies to mobilize local farmworker committees and groups to welcome the marchers, feed them, organize a rally each evening, and hold a mass the next morning. At each rally, Luis Valdez proclaimed the \u201cPlan de Delano,\u201d calling for the liberation of the farmworker. The plan was modeled after Emiliano Zapata\u2019s Plan de Ayala. Teatro Campesino also performed during those rallies. The physical suffering of the long march enhanced the religious aspects. \u201cEvery step was a needle,\u201d C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez recalled. He suffered from a swollen ankle, blisters, and fever for a day or two. Then, he continued the march hobbling on a cane. \u201cThe penance part of it,\u201d he said, \u201cis the most important thing of the pilgrimage.\u201d<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”section-english” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”336.8px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Ch\u00e1vez\u2019s vision of transforming a labor struggle into a Farmworker Movement helped the union to succeed in its early union battles while mobilizing national support for farmworkers. Marshall Ganz<\/a> argues that at the NFWA, Ch\u00e1vez used effectively union innovations like the roving picket lines, the creation of a supporting network across the country, and telling the story of the union as the birth of a new movement, \u201crooted in specific ethnic, religious, and political traditions, and reach out to incorporate the legacy of the civil rights struggle.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/FMC_782_full.jpg” min_height=”637px” custom_margin=”||-1px|||” custom_padding=”||379px|||” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/782″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”363px” custom_margin=”0px||1px|||” custom_padding=”3px||2px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n The grape boycott had an important impact because it was used effectively by the abolitionists and the civil rights movement leader, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. In 1968, C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez fasted for 25 days to rededicate the movement to nonviolence. When he broke his fast on March 10, he was joined by thousands of farmworkers and supporters, plus the national press. U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy called Chavez \u201cone of the heroic figures of our time.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/782″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez picketing at a Perelli-Minetti grape field, Delano, 1967. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ceasarrfk-fasting0002-1.png” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”32%” min_height=”643px” custom_margin=”||1px|||” custom_padding=”||332px|||” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/search\/searchterm\/Fasting\/field\/subjec\/mode\/exact\/conn\/and” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”section-english” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”280.8px” custom_margin=”-2px|||||” custom_padding=”18px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/search\/searchterm\/Fasting\/field\/subjec\/mode\/exact\/conn\/and” link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Senator Robert Kennedy gives C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez a piece of bread ending Ch\u00e1vez’s fast. Helen Ch\u00e1vez is seated next to Senator Kennedy, Delano, March 10, 1968. Photo by John Kouns.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n After the assassination of King on April 4, 1968, Ch\u00e1vez gave a speech at the Calvary Episcopal Church in Manhattan in May 1968. There he explained how the farmworker struggle was more than a union dispute: \u201cPeople raise the question: Is this a strike or is it a civil rights fight? In California, in Texas, or in the South, anytime you strike, it becomes a civil rights movement. It becomes a civil rights fight.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/96.01.EC_.N35.B1.10.102.09A.jpg” background_position=”top_center” background_vertical_offset=”43%” min_height=”624px” custom_margin=”||0px|||” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/1284″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” min_height=”381px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”auto||auto||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”20px” text_line_height=”1.6em” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n In 1974, a labor law bill written by C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez and John F. Henning was introduced by Assemblyman Richard Alatorre. But Governor Ronald Reagan opposed it and killed the Bill. The election of Jerry Brown as governor made it possible for him and C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez to agree on a framework and a strategy to pass the legislation. A new bill was introduced on April 9, 1975, by Assemblyman Howard Berman and Senator John Dunlop. Governor Brown negotiated a deal with the UFW, the growers, and the Teamsters on May 5, and he signed the bill on June 5. The Agricultural Labor Relations Act<\/a> established for the first time the right to collective bargaining for farmworkers in California. Ch\u00e1vez continued as leader of the UFW until he died on April 23, 1993. <\/span><\/p>\n Almost 33 years after his death, in March of 2026, The New York Times<\/a> published an investigative article with allegations that he <\/span>sexually abused women and girls from the 1960s to the 1980s, including Debra Rojas, the daughter of the farmworker organizer Albert Rojas; Ana Murgu\u00eda, the daughter of organizer Jos\u00e9 Guadalupe Murgu\u00eda; and Dolores Huerta<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” link_option_url=”https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/1284″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez claps during a protest against Governor Reagan’s tuition policy, Sacramento, 1967. Photo by Emmon Clarke.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#D8D2C4″ min_height=”530px” custom_margin=”-1px|||||” custom_padding=”0px|||||” global_module=”70″ saved_tabs=”all” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/footer_logos.png” title_text=”footer_logos” url=”https:\/\/www.csun.edu\/bradley-center” url_new_window=”on” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NEH-Preferred-Seal.png” alt=”NEH-Preferred-Seal-logo” title_text=”NEH-Preferred-Seal” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Tom & Ethel Bradley Center [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Emergency Information<\/a><\/p>\n University Policies & Procedures<\/a><\/p>\n Title\u00a0<\/span>IX<\/abbr><\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Terms and Conditions for Use<\/a><\/p>\n Privacy Policy<\/a><\/p>\n Document Reader<\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vezC\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vezC\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez speaking at a NFWA meeting, Lamont, ca. 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.Cesario \u201cC\u00e9sar\u201d Ch\u00e1vez was born in Yuma, Arizona, on March 31, 1927. When he was ten, the Ch\u00e1vez family was forced to leave Arizona, and they moved to California, where they worked in the fields. Right after finishing junior high […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" disabled_on=\"on|off|off\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" use_background_color_gradient=\"on\" background_color_gradient_direction=\"360deg\" background_color_gradient_stops=\"#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%\" background_color_gradient_overlays_image=\"on\" background_image=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/17.41.JK_.N35.B15.01.02.23-scaled.jpg\" background_position=\"top_center\" background_vertical_offset=\"61%\" width=\"100%\" min_height=\"39vh\" custom_margin=\"-2px|||||\" custom_padding=\"98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"85px|||||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.17.4\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_font=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_text_align=\"center\" header_text_color=\"#FFFFFF\" header_font_size=\"76px\" custom_margin=\"||||false|false\" custom_padding=\"75px||||false|false\" header_font_tablet=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_font_phone=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_font_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Dolores Huerta (holding a megaphone) and picketers are next to grower Jack Pandol at a picket during the grape strike in Delano, ca 1966.<\/em><\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font_size=\"20px\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Dolores Huerta is one of the founders of the United Farm Workers (UFW). She was born in Dawson, New Mexico, in 1930, and moved with her mother to Stockton, California, when she was three. She started working as an activist in the 1950s, leading voter registration drives and teaching citizenship classes for the Stockton chapter of the Community Service Organization (CSO) where she soon distinguished herself as a motivated organizer and strong mediator. <\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_image=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/96.01.EC_.N35.B1.01.11.07.jpg\" background_position=\"top_center\" background_vertical_offset=\"22%\" min_height=\"75vh\" link_option_url=\"https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/187\/\" link_option_url_new_window=\"on\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_3,2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"12px||0px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Helen Ch\u00e1vez, Dolores Huerta, Kathy Lynch, and Jon Lewis picketing at a vineyard, Delano, ca. 1966.<\/span><\/em><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font_size=\"20px\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] By 1959, Huerta was part of the small paid staff hired by Fred Ross and was sent as a lobbyist for the CSO in Sacramento where she was the only Mexican American woman lobbyist, pushing for issues such as disability insurance for farmworkers and against the abuses of the Bracero Program. After C\u00e9sar Ch\u00e1vez left the position of national director of the CSO in 1962 to establish a new union, Huerta quit her job too to join forces with Ch\u00e1vez and Gilbert Padilla organizing the Farm Workers Association (FWA).<\/span><\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"#D22030\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_5,3_5\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"#D22030\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"100%\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_5\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/FMC_2472_full.jpg\" alt=\"Dolores Huerta, vice president of the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) and principal speaker of the rally, speaks to a crowd in front of State Capitol on the last day of the march from Delano to Sacramento. California Governor Pat Brown refused to meet with the marchers that day and instead spent the weekend in Palm Springs. \u201cWe are no longer interested in listening to the excuses the Governor has given in defense of the growers, to his apologies to them for not paying us decent wages or why the growers cannot dignify the workers as individuals with the right to place the price on their own labor through collective bargaining,\u201d said Huerta according to the New York Times.Dolores Huerta, vicepresidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de Campesinos (NFWA) y oradora principal de la manifestaci\u00f3n, habla ante una multitud frente al capitolio estatal el \u00faltimo d\u00eda de la marcha de Delano a Sacramento. El gobernador de California, Pat Brown, se neg\u00f3 a reunirse con los manifestantes ese d\u00eda y, en cambio, pas\u00f3 el fin de semana en Palm Springs. \u201cYa no nos interesa escuchar las excusas que ha dado el Gobernador en defensa de los due\u00f1os, sus disculpas por no pagarnos salarios dignos o por qu\u00e9 los due\u00f1os no pueden dignificar a los trabajadores como individuos con derecho a poner el precio en su propio trabajo a trav\u00e9s de la negociaci\u00f3n colectiva\u201d, dijo Huerta seg\u00fan el New York Times.\" title_text=\"Dolores Huerta speaking to a crowd in front of the State Capitol, Sacramento, 1966\" url=\"https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/id\/2472\" url_new_window=\"on\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_5\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#FFFFFF\" text_font_size=\"40px\" text_line_height=\"1.2em\" custom_margin=\"0px||||false|false\" custom_padding=\"|10vh||5vh|false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Dolores Huerta speaking to a crowd in front of the State Capitol, Sacramento, 1966<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#FFFFFF\" text_font_size=\"20px\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" header_4_text_color=\"#FFFFFF\" module_alignment=\"center\" custom_margin=\"||||false|false\" custom_padding=\"|10vh||5vh|false|false\" hover_enabled=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" sticky_enabled=\"0\"] Dolores Huerta, vice president of the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) and principal speaker of the rally, speaks to a crowd in front of State Capitol on the last day of the march from Delano to Sacramento. California Governor Pat Brown refused to meet with the marchers that day and instead spent the weekend in Palm Springs. \u201cWe are no longer interested in listening to the excuses the Governor has given in defense of the growers, to his apologies to them for not paying us decent wages or why the growers cannot dignify the workers as individuals with the right to place the price on their own labor through collective bargaining,\u201d said Huerta according to the New York Times<\/em>.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"||20px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" text_font_size=\"40px\" text_letter_spacing=\"1px\" text_line_height=\"1.1em\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] <\/span><\/span>Dolores Huerta at CSUN, 1995<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"1px||1px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_video src=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLK5L1RQvapAUGYWDDNVFuLluYp-F5BDJ2&si=QVKEcfiRUPbon4zH\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"2_3,1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"auto||auto||true|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font_size=\"20px\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] When, in 1964, she left Stockton and moved to Delano she was a 32 years old woman, mother of seven children, and in the middle of her second divorce. As historian Frank Bardacke wrote in his book Trampling Out the Vintage<\/em>, Huerta\u2019s only problem at this point was that \u201cshe didn\u2019t have a wife like Helen,\u201d referring to the fact that Cesar Chavez\u2019s wife, Helen, was the one in charge of the children freeing up Cesar\u2019s time to fully devote himself to the union. But once in Delano, Huerta found some support. Helen Ch\u00e1vez\u2019s sister, Petra, took care of her youngest child, and her older daughter Laurie Head took responsibility for her younger siblings with the support also of other FWA volunteers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_image=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/17.41.JK_.P.B12.06.02-1.png\" background_position=\"top_center\" background_vertical_offset=\"29%\" min_height=\"75vh\" link_option_url=\"https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/search\/searchterm\/%22Dolores%20Huerta%22\" link_option_url_new_window=\"on\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" module_id=\"section-english\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" min_height=\"336.8px\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_3,2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_margin=\"auto||auto||true|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]Father Kenneth E. Irrgang and Dolores Huerta at the memorial march for Ch\u00e1vez, Delano, CA, 1993.<\/em><\/span>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font_size=\"20px\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] In the following years, she was responsible for some of the most important farmworker movement achievements. In 1966, following the Delano Strike, Huerta negotiated the contract with the Schenley Wine Company. This was a historical accomplishment because, for the first time, agribusiness recognized the farmworkers union. By 1971 the union, by then known as the United Farm Workers (UFW) had won more contracts and Huerta was named vice president. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Huerta worked as the East Coast director of the table-grape boycott for New York City, mobilizing other unions, community workers, religious groups, consumers, and others to join the cause, an effort that brought the table-grape growers of California to the bargaining table.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"#D8D2C4\" min_height=\"440px\" global_module=\"70\" saved_tabs=\"all\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_image src=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/footer_logos.png\" title_text=\"footer_logos\" url=\"https:\/\/www.csun.edu\/bradley-center\" url_new_window=\"on\" align=\"center\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NEH-Preferred-Seal.png\" alt=\"NEH-Preferred-Seal-logo\" title_text=\"NEH-Preferred-Seal\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Tom & Ethel Bradley Center Emergency Information<\/a><\/p>\r\n University Policies & Procedures<\/a><\/p>\r\n Title\u00a0<\/span>IX<\/abbr><\/a><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"] Terms and Conditions for Use<\/a><\/p>\r\n
California State University, Northridge<\/span>
18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330<\/span>
Phone:\u00a0(818) 677-1200<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\/\u00a0Contact Us<\/a><\/span><\/p>\nDolores Huerta<\/h1>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" disabled_on=\"off|on|on\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" use_background_color_gradient=\"on\" background_color_gradient_direction=\"360deg\" background_color_gradient_stops=\"#000000 0%|rgba(10,10,10,0) 65%\" background_color_gradient_overlays_image=\"on\" background_image=\"http:\/\/farmworkermovement-csun.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/17.41.JK_.N35.B15.01.02.23-scaled.jpg\" background_position=\"top_center\" background_vertical_offset=\"53%\" width=\"100%\" min_height=\"39vh\" custom_margin=\"-2px|||||\" custom_padding=\"98px|0px|98px|0px|true|true\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"85px|||||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.17.4\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_font=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_font=\"|700|||||||\" header_text_align=\"center\" header_text_color=\"#FFFFFF\" header_font_size=\"40px\" text_orientation=\"center\" custom_margin=\"||-16px|||\" custom_padding=\"75px||||false|false\" header_font_tablet=\"Roboto Slab|700|||||||\" header_font_phone=\"Montserrat|700|||||||\" header_font_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]
Dolores Huerta<\/h1>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_3,2_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"12px||0px|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_3\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_line_height=\"1.6em\" link_option_url=\"https:\/\/cdm17169.contentdm.oclc.org\/digital\/collection\/FMC\/search\/searchterm\/%22Dolores%20Huerta%22\" link_option_url_new_window=\"on\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]
California State University, Northridge<\/span>
18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330<\/span>
Phone:\u00a0(818) 677-1200<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\/\u00a0Contact Us<\/a><\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.21.0\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]