International Incident in Roma, Texas

International Incident in Roma, Texas

Mexican workers travel standing in the back of a truck while being transported from Mexico to a farm in Texas. South Texas, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.

On October 24, 1966, twelve National Farm Workers Association strikers were arrested for blockading the International Bridge between Roma, Texas, and Ciudad Miguel Alemán, Mexico to prevent growers from bringing in Mexican workers. The strikers were protesting the harsh working conditions of farmworkers and demanding higher wages. The blockade lasted six hours, successfully halting the traffic of the growers bringing in the strikebreakers. 

The event made national headlines, bringing attention to the farmworker struggles in Texas. The arrested strikers and organizers were Eugene Nelson (fined $25), Bill Chandler (fined $25), Tony Orendáin (fined $25), Librado de la Cruz, Reynaldo de la Cruz, Mario Vera, Reyes Alaniz, Domingo Arredondo, Rodrigo Gareia, Guillermo de la Cruz, Daría Vera, and Irene Ramos Chandler (all acquited). The men were first detained, and Irene Ramos and Daría Vera were arrested later after lying on the ground wrapped in a banner with the union symbol and the words “Ayúdanos Virgen de Guadalupe” (Help us Virgin of Guadalupe). Ramos and Vera were dragged off the bridge and sent to jail for disturbing the peace. Texas melon pickers started their strike on June 1 demanding higher wages. Wages were often as low as 40-60 cents an hour. After a 400-mile march from Rio Grande City to Austin from July 4 to Labor Day, September 5. La Casita Farms, the largest melon grower, raised wages from 85 cents to $1.00 but refused to meet the workers’ demands for $1.25 and a contract recognizing their union.

Bill Chandler, a United Farmworkers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) organizer arrested in Roma, Texas, stands in front of brick building. Río Grande City, Texas, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.

 

Pancho Medrano, Rafael Trevino, Daría Vera at UFWOC headquarters, Río Grande City, 1967

Pancho Medrano (with a hat), Rafael Treviño (with white hair), Daría Vera, and an unidentified man stand in front of the UFWOC headquarters. On October 24, Vera—a Texan organizer—and Irene Ramos Chandler from California laid down on the bridge to block the trucks with strikebreaking Mexican workers at the international bridge in Roma, Texas. Río Grande City, Texas, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.

Tony Orendáin talking to a woman, Río Grande City, Texas, 1967

Tony Orendáin, a United Farmworkers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) leader and organizer arrested in Roma, Texas, talks with a woman who is taking notes. Río Grande City, Texas, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.

Three-year old Carmen Ramos Chandler picketing against her mother’s arrest, Texas, ca. 1966

Three-year-old Carmen Ramos Chandler—daughter of Irene Ramos and Bill Chandler who were arrested in Roma, Texas—cries while holding a sign that reads, “I want my mommy.” Her image appeared on the front page of El Malcriado on December 16, 1966. South Texas, 1966. Photo by Emmon Clarke.

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